Climate Change And Security : A Gathering Storm Of Global Challenges

Human‑induced climate change is causing resource scarcity, natural disasters, and mass migrations, which in turn destabilize national, international, and human security structures and multiply human contributions to climate change. Alarms about the expanding role of climate change as a force multiplier of existing threats to security are being raised at all levels of governance and intelligence—national (including the U.S. Senate, the Director of National Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Pentagon), transnational (including the European Union and the United Nations), and private (such as the Central News Agency and the American Security Project).

**Climate Change and Security: A Gathering Storm of Global Challenges** focuses on the three major feedback effects of human‑induced climate change on human and international security—resource scarcity, natural disasters, and sea‑level rise. Decreasing per‑capita availability of renewable resources due to regional effects such as drought and desertification leads to intensified competition and may result in armed violence, especially when compounded by rapid population growth, tribalism, and sectarianism, as seen in Darfur and Somalia. The increased frequency and intensity of meteorological disasters associated with global warming weakens already debilitated tropical societies and makes them more vulnerable to political instability, as in Haiti. Sea‑level rise will trigger disruptive mass migrations of climate refugees as dense littoral populations are forced to abandon low‑lying coastal regions, as in Bangladesh.

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